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Lesson 3 of 3

The callback
is the expensive one.

Framing is priced by the piece and paid for by the callback. The bid shows what the bunk costs. This page is about what a frame costs by the time the drywall has been patched, the door has been rehung, and the truck has been to the house twice. It is written for the person funding the build as much as the person swinging the hammer.

Table comparing the code maximum span of No. 2 2x10 and 2x12 sawn lumber by species with the I-joist that replaces each, at L/360 for sawn and L/480 for the I-joist
The sawn joist is figured at the code minimum, L/360. The I-joist that replaces it is figured a third stiffer, at L/480, on purpose. Roseburg EWP Residential Design Guide.
The math the bid leaves out

Three callbacks that never make the spreadsheet.

The drywall. Wet lumber dries in the house. The SFPA's rule is about 1 percent of the size for every 4 points of moisture, and framing settles in at about 12 percent. A stud that went in at 25 percent has 13 points to lose, which is about 3 percent of its width, the first summer the air conditioning runs. The drywall does not shrink with it. The result is a crack at the corner of a window, a seam that telegraphs, and a nail that was tight in a wet stud pushing a dimple through the paper. The APA says as much about floors: it tells you to keep underlayment fasteners out of the framing below, because nailing into framing may lead to nail pops. A drywall crew coming back is a callback.

The doors and cabinets. Shrinkage by itself is even. Twist is not, and twist is what a green stud with angled grain does as it dries. One twisted stud in a jamb is a door that rubs. One behind a cabinet run is a row of uppers that will not sit flat, and the installer shimming it is your callback wearing his shirt. The grading rules exist to limit exactly this, which is why 2-inch Southern Pine has to be dried to 19 percent before it gets a stamp, and why the treated-wood warranty says warping and twisting are not its problem. They are yours.

The floor. A sawn joist that shrinks a quarter inch pulls away from the subfloor, and the nail rubbing in its hole is the squeak. Under carpet it is an irritation; under tile or hardwood it is a floor that comes up. Roseburg and onCENTER both say the same thing about their I-joists in their own words: they do not warp, twist, shrink, or crown, and the floor has fewer squeaks and fewer callbacks. They also both design their floors a third stiffer than the code minimum, because a floor built to the minimum, Roseburg says, may not meet what the occupant expects. The bounce the owner feels in the great room is not a code violation. It is a phone call.

The question is not which lumber is cheaper per piece. It is what each frame costs per house once the callbacks are counted.

How to use this page

Bring two quotes. We do not put prices on the site.

Get a per-piece quote for the framing you are being told to buy and one for the framing you would rather use: green against kiln-dried, stud grade against No. 2, sawn 2x12s against I-joists, whatever the two choices are. Enter how many pieces a house takes, or let the page figure it from the square footage. Then enter your own callback rate per house with each, and what one callback costs you. The questions below say what the makers publish; the numbers are yours.

The calculator charges the material per house, adds the expected callback cost per house for each, and shows the difference both on the bid and after callbacks. It does not know which lumber you are comparing. It only knows arithmetic.

What the makers publish

Terms to start from, not to stop at.

Dimension lumber: the grading rules require 2-inch Southern Pine to be dried to 19 percent or below before it is stamped KD19, and the SFPA says the average piece leaves the mill at about 15 percent and settles in a house at about 12. Shrinkage is about 1 percent per 4 points. No grading agency publishes a callback rate.

Treated lumber: the Wolmanized warranty covers termites and decay for as long as the original owner holds the house, pays for wood and not labor, and excludes warping and twisting. KDAT lumber has been dried again after treating.

Engineered wood: Roseburg says its I-joists will not warp, twist, or shrink, are made without camber, and give a floor with fewer squeaks. onCENTER says the same and prints "fewer costly callbacks" in its guide. Both design floors to L/480, a third stiffer than code, and both assume a glued subfloor. Neither publishes a callback rate either; they publish the reason the rate is lower.

Cost Over Time

Two frames, one house, your numbers.

Nothing you type here is sent anywhere. It runs in your browser.

The house

Framing A (the cheaper quote)

Framing B (the better quote)

If you leave the piece count blank, the page estimates one framing piece per 3 heated square feet, which is a rough takeoff for a stick-framed house and nothing more. Use your own count when you have it. Callback rate is per house: 1.5 means three callbacks every two houses.

Per house, pieces

Framing A, material per house
Framing A, expected callbacks per house
Framing A, cost per house after callbacks
Framing B, material per house
Framing B, expected callbacks per house
Framing B, cost per house after callbacks
Difference on the bid, per house
Difference after callbacks, per house
Difference after callbacks, per year

Fill in both quotes, both callback rates, and a callback cost to see the comparison.

Cost per house = pieces times the quote per piece, plus callbacks per house times what one callback costs. Per year = the per-house difference times houses per year. It leaves out what a callback costs you in reputation, because nobody can price that but you.

Before You Price Lumber

Know what you are framing with.

Three short reads on framing lumber and engineered wood. Written for the builder who has to answer to the money, and for the money.

Frequently Asked

Framing callbacks, answered.

Why do drywall cracks and nail pops show up the first year?
Because the frame is still drying. The SFPA use guide says framing settles in at about 12 percent moisture and shrinks about 1 percent for every 4 points it loses. Lumber that went in wet loses the most, and it loses it the first summer the house is closed in with the air on. Studs that shrink and twist pull the drywall with them; a nail that was tight in a wet stud is loose in a dry one and pushes back through the paper. The APA makes the same point about floors when it tells you to keep underlayment fasteners out of the framing below, because nailing into framing may lead to nail pops. Kiln-dried lumber has already done most of its moving at the mill.
Why do doors and cabinets go out of square after a house is built?
A door that rubs and a cabinet run that will not hang flat are usually one twisted stud each. The SFPA guide is plain that green lumber shrinks, and that shrinkage is what the grading rules limit by requiring 19 percent moisture on 2-inch Southern Pine. A stud with grain running at an angle does not shrink evenly, so it twists, and a twisted stud in a door jamb or behind a cabinet run is a callback no trim carpenter can fix without opening the wall. The Wolmanized warranty on treated wood lists warping and twisting as weather effects it does not cover, which is the treater's way of saying the same thing: the drying and the storage are on the builder.
What makes a floor squeak, and how does engineered wood stop it?
Movement. A joist that shrinks or crowns pulls away from the subfloor, and the nail rubbing in its hole is the noise. Roseburg says its I-joists will not warp, twist, or shrink and are made without camber, and that their straightness and uniformity gives a stiffer floor with fewer squeaks. onCENTER says its joists' low moisture content means quieter floors and fewer costly callbacks. Both makers design their floor tables at L/480 instead of the code's L/360, both count on a glued and nailed subfloor, and onCENTER tells the installer to leave a 1/16-inch gap in the hanger and seat the joist firmly so it cannot move there. A squeak is cheap to prevent on the framing day and expensive under tile.
What does a framing callback actually cost?
Nobody publishes that number, which is why the calculator asks for yours. Count what a callback takes you: a trip, half a day for the drywall or trim carpenter, paint, tile that comes up to get at a squeak, and an hour on the phone with the owner. A builder who has been at it a while knows the figure. Put it in, and put in how many callbacks per house you get with the lumber you are being quoted and with the lumber you would rather use. The page does the arithmetic and nothing else.

Stop By the Desk

Let’s talk it through in person.

Bring your plans or just your questions. We’ll get you squared away.
119 Cumberland St, Ashland City. The coffee’s on.

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